Understanding Contravention Code 31 (Yellow Box Junctions)
Code 31 moving traffic PCNs are enforced using automatic CCTV cameras. Under the law, a contravention only occurs if you enter the box when your exit is not clear due to stationary vehicles.
Key Appeal Grounds
- Turning Right Exemption: You are legally entitled to enter and wait stationary inside a yellow box junction if waiting to turn right and prevented from doing so only by oncoming traffic or right-turning vehicles.
- Unexpected Lane Change (Cut-In): If your exit was clear when you entered the box junction, but another vehicle unexpectedly switched lanes and blocked your exit, no contravention was committed.
- De Minimis (Marginal Stop): If the vehicle was stopped for less than 5 seconds or only a rear wheel remained inside the boundary marking, London Tribunals precedents frequently cancel the penalty.
- Illegal Box Junction Dimensions: Yellow box junctions must meet strict Department for Transport (DfT) specifications or possess special DfT site authorisation.